USS Rhode Island (BB-17) was the last of five Virginia-class battleships built for the United States Navy, and was the second ship to carry her name.

She was laid down in May 1902, launched in May 1904, and commissioned into the Atlantic Fleet in February 1906. The ship was armed with an offensive battery of four 12-inch (300 mm) guns and eight 8-inch (200 mm) guns, and she was capable of a top speed of 19 knots (35 km/h; 22 mph)